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moonstar
07-23-2008, 09:38 AM
Kale Nutrition and Health Benefits


When you mention kale, the majority will look up with raised eyebrows and mumble, "What?" "What's that?" An old, hardly spoken of and powerful green food. Kale is a leafy green vegetable with a mild earthy flavor. The season for kale is between mid-winter and early spring where it can be found in abundance in most produce sections of the local grocery store. However, one can find kale year round. Thankfully, kale is starting to garner well-deserved attention due to its nutrient rich phytochemical content, which provides unparalleled health promoting benefits.

Kale is absolutely rich and abundant in calcium, lutein, iron, and vitamins A, C, and K. Kale has seven times the beta-carotene of broccoli and ten times more lutein. Kale is rich in vitamin C, not to mention the much-needed fiber so lacking in the daily diet of processed food eating Americans. The "Icing on the Kale" are the natural occurring all-important phytochemicals sulforaphane and indoles which research suggests may protect against cancer. Let's not forget the all-important antioxidant vitamin E. Rest assured, kale spares nothing in providing one with much needed nutrients and associated health benefits.


The naturally rich sulfur content of kale deserves a bit more discussion. Science has discovered that sulforaphane helps boost the body's detoxification enzymes, possibly by altering gene expression. This in turn is purported to help clear carcinogenic substances in a timely manner. Sulforaphane is formed when cruciferous vegetables like kale are chopped or chewed. This somehow triggers the liver to produce enzymes that detoxify cancer-causing chemicals, to which we all are exposed on a daily basis. A recent new study in the Journal of Nutrition (2004) demonstrates that sulforaphane helps stop breast cancer cell proliferation.

Kale descends from the wild cabbage, which originated in Asia and is thought to have been brought to Europe by the Celts. Kale was an important food item in early European history and a crop staple in ancient Rome. Kale was brought to the USA during the 17th century by English settlers.

A leafy green vegetable starting to gain widespread attention, kale belongs to the Brassica family, a group that also includes cabbage, collard greens and Brussels sprouts. Choose kale with small leaves as they will be tenderer and offer a sweeter taste. Make kale leaves a regular addition to your salads. A sautéed side dish of kale, onions, and garlic drizzled in olive oil is second to none. Enjoy your kale. You'll be glad you did.

moonstar
07-23-2008, 09:40 AM
Kale and It's Relatives

Kale has one of the highest levels of antioxidants of any vegetable. Kale has a very high ORAC score. It's also got one of the highest levels of total carotenes. It's especially high in lutein and zeaxanthin, which prevent macular degenration (vision loss in old age).

As a member of the cabage family, it's loaded with anti-cancer phytochemicals. As if that wasn't enough, there's plenty of chlorophyll, mancanese,calcium, b-vitamins, fiber, etc.

Kale is at the top of the charts nutritionally. Use kale instead of lettuce in your salads, and feel the power!

Broccoli is Good, Kale is Even Better
Brocolli has a well-deserved reputation as a healthy food. Broccoli has a high ORAC score. The researchers who found out how chock-full of anti-oxidants kale is, thought kale might be too unfamiliar. They decided it would be better to promote broccoli, which people already know. Broccoli is good, kale is even better.

All the cruciferous vegetables have similar benefits, so enjoy a variety of them. The brassica family includes: arugula, bok choy, broccoli, brussel sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, collards, kale, mizuna, mustard greens, radish, rapini, turnips and watercress. Generally, the vegetables with the most color have the most nutrients and phytochemicals. So dark green broccoli is probably a better choice than white cauliflower.

When buying broccoli or cauliflower, don't throw away the leaves. Notice how they resemble kale and collards. Eat the leaves.

Kale Research
Nutritional benefits of Brassica consumption Brassica.info
Cruciferous Vegetables Linus Pauling Institute
Kale Wikipedia
Diindolylmethane Wikipedia
Sulphoraphane Wikipedia
Sulphoraphane in cruciferous vegetables halts breast cancer cell growth. Drug Discovery Today
Cooking cabbage reduces production of Indole-3-Carbinol aka: ITC's (anti-cancer compounds) in people who eat it.
Effect of cooking brassica vegetables on the subsequent hydrolysis and metabolic fate of glucosinolates Proceedings of the Nutrition Society
Cooking watercress reduces production of ITCs.
Conversion of glucosinolates to isothiocyanates in humans after ingestion of cooked watercress. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention
Cooking reduces bioavailability of of ITCs in broccoli by 2/3.
Disposition of glucosinolates and sulforaphane in humans after ingestion of steamed and fresh broccoli. Nutrition and Cancer
More nutritional value for fewer calories than almost any other food around.
whfoods.com
TownsendLetter.com/MedicinalFoods
Kale: The Phytonutrient Master from Seeds of Change
Aojiru Can a glass of tree kale a day keep the doctor away?
Buying Kale
Unfortunately, the nutritional research doesn't say which varieties of kale are the most beneficial. But we can make an educated guess. The darkest green vegetables have the highest levels of carotenoids and chlorophylls. Carotenoids are red, orange and yellow but the green chlorophyll hides them.

So the darkest green kales should be the best. By far the most intense green kale is Lacinato Kale, aka Dinosaur Kale. Next darkest is Red Russian Kale; actually purplish around the edges, not red. This might show the presence of anthocyanins, antioxidant pigments, as in purple cabbage.

Using Kale
Kale leaves have thick fibrous stems. They stems are edible, so leave them in if you enjoy crunchy foods. Or you can take them out, if you are not used to eating lots of fiber, or if you want to make a more delicate dish. To strip out the stems, grasp a kale leaf with one hand by the stem. Wrap your other hand firmly around the lower end of the leafy part. Slide your hand up the leaf, staying close to the stem, to strip off the leafy part. Drop the leaf onto the cutting board, and do another one. If you are making a blended soup or green smoothie, leave the stems in.

To chop kale, lay a bunch of kale on the cutting board and cut crosswise into strips. Turn the cutting board 90°, and cut again if you want smaller pieces. Or cut kale leaves crosswise with a kitchen scissors. Or just tear into pieces with your hands.

Kale recipes are on the Salads and Soups pages.

Kale Culture
Greeks and Romans grew kale and collards Our Vegetable Travelers
Kale was the common green vegetable in all of Europe LocalHarvest.org
Benjamin Franklin introduced Scotch kale, kohlrabi, Swiss barley, Chinese rhubarb, and Chinese tofu to the USA. BenFranklin300.org
Growing Kale GrowingTaste.com/Kale
Rare heirloom kale varieties IBiblio.org
Kale T-shirts and bumper stickers EatMoreKale.com

Veganforlife
07-23-2008, 09:53 AM
Thanks for all this valuble information!
I love kale!!!:D

smoothiegirl
07-23-2008, 11:17 AM
Never tried it but I did see it at Wal-Mart-May need to stock up since it wasn't too over priced.

Veganforlife
07-23-2008, 11:19 AM
Oh you are in for a treat! I'm lovin my kale. I guess because when I would eat it cooked, it tasted dead and I didn't eat too much of it. Now? I love, love, LOVE it!!!

ShantiDass
07-23-2008, 11:23 AM
I LOVE KALE! I eat it daily and can't wait to make the kale chips. My rabbits love it also but they can only have a small amount. Sometimes a really small amount if I want more! :D

Thanks for the info.

sarahtolson
07-24-2008, 12:17 AM
I find the nutrition density of kale so powerful, that I don't need a ton of it. Meaning.. I made a big ol' bowl full of kale and avocado, and didn't even eat half of it. I was full. So I put it in the fridge, and had it for dinner. It was divine. :) Thanks for all the wonderful info!